ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH oxidase) in the spinal cord in the maintenance of diabetic neuropathic pain in rats.Methods Pathogenfree male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 2 months,weighing 180-220 g,were used in the study.Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ) 60mg/kg and confirmed by blood glucose ＞ 16.7 mmol/L at 72 h after STZ injection.Twenty diabetic rats were randomly allocated to diabetic neuropathic pain group (DN group,n =10) and apocynin (specific NADPH oxidase inhibitor) group (A group,n =10).Another 10 agematched normal rats served as control group (C group,n =10).Twenty-eight days after STZ injection,apyconin 5 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally once a day for 7 consecutive days in A group.Paw withdrawal threshold to yon Frey filament stimulation (PWT) was measured before STZ injection (T1) and at 7,14,21,28 and 35 days after STZ injection (T2-6).The rats were sacrificed after PWT was measured at T6 and L4.5 segments of the spinal cord were removed for determination of NADPH oxidase subunits gp91phox and p47phox expression,MAD content and SOD activity.Results Compared with C group,PWT was significantly decreased at T3-5,gp91phox and p47phox expression was up-regulated,MAD content was increased,and SOD activity was decreased in DN and A groups.Compared with DN group,PWT was significantly increased at T6,gp91phox and p47phox expression was downregulated,MAD content was decreased,and SOD activity was increased in A group.Conclusion NADPH oxidase in the spinal cord is involved in the maintenance of diabetic neuropathic pain in rats.
ABSTRACT
Objective To know the situation of upper GI diseases among the residents in Dong tai city. Methods With three levels examination methods of Occult Blood Bead Detector,Gastroscope and pathological examination,residents aged over 30 yrs in Dongtai were screened during Aug 2005 to Sept 2006. Results 70 809 residents,about 6.13% of whole city population,were taken the screen with occult blood bead detector. There were about 28 392 people positive; the positive rate was 40.10%. Among the positive people,there were 8 121 people taking gastroscope inspection,and while 2 294 of them also took the pathological examination. The gastroscope results showed that 4 636 people suffered from chronic superficial gastritis,1 431 rotten gastritis,565 esophagus gastritis,339 chronic & atrophic gastritis,24 suspicious cancers,53 stomach cancer,44 esophagus cancer. Of these 97 cases with cancers diagnosed by gastroscope,87 cases were confirmed by pathological examination,the false positive rate of gastroscope examination was about 10.31%; Among 2 197 of the non-cancer subjects diagnosed by gastroscope,there were 25 cases with cancer diagnosed by pathological method,the false negative rate of gastroscope was 1.14%. For those 112 cancer cases diagnosed by pathology,there were 83 cases (74.11%) who were in the early or middle phase of cancer. Conclusion The prevalence of upper GI diseases in Dongtai City was higher. It should strengthen the education and the improvement of the health situation.